尾注
1. Ann Gibbons, ‘Food for Thought: Did the First Cooked Meals Help Fuel the Dramatic Evolutionary Expansion of the Human Brain?’, 316:5831 (2007), 1558-1560.
2. Robin Dunber, (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998).
3. Michael L. Wilson and Richard W. Wrangham, ‘Intergroup Relations in Chimpanzees’, 32 (2003), 363-392; M. McFarland Symington, ‘Fission-Fusion Social Organization in and , 11:1 (1990), 49; Colin A. Chapman and Lauren J. Chapman, ‘Determinants of Groups Size in Primates: The Importance of Travel Costs’, in , ed. Sue Boinsky and Paul A. Garber (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 26.
4. Dunbar, , 69-79; Leslie C. Aiello and R. I. M. Dunbar, ‘Neocortex Size, Group Size, and the Evolution of Language’, 34:2 (1993), 189. For criticism of this approach see: Christopher McCarthy et al., ‘Comparing Two Methods for Estimating Network Size’, 60:1 (2001), 32; R. A. Hill and R. I. M. Dunbar, ‘Social Network Size in Humans’, 14:1 (2003), 65.
5. Yvette Taborin, ‘Shells of the French Aurignacian and Perigordian’, in , ed. Heidi Knecht, Anne Pike-Tay and Randall White (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1993), 211-28.
6. G.R. Summerhayes, ‘Application of PIXE-PIGME to Archaeological Analysis of Changing Patterns of Obsidian Use in West New Britain, Papua New Guinea’, in , ed. Steven M. Shackley (New York: Plenum Press, 1998), 129-58.
7. Christopher Ryan and Cacilda Jethá, (New York: Harper, 2010); S. Beckerman and P. Valentine (eds.), : (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002).
8. Noel G. Butlin, : (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 98-101; Richard Broome, (Sydney: Allen & Unwin , 2002), 15; William Howell Edwards, (Wentworth Falls, N.S.W.: Social Science Press, 1988), 52.
9. Fekri A. Hassan, (New York: Academic Press, 1981), 196-99; Lewis Robert Binford, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001), 143.
10. Brian Hare, (Dutton: Penguin Group, 2013).
11. Christopher B. Ruff, Erik Trinkaus and Trenton W. Holliday, ‘Body Mass and Encephalization in Pleistocene Homo’ 387 (1997), 173-176; M. Henneberg and M. Steyn, ‘Trends in Cranial Capacity and Cranial Index in Subsaharan Africa During the Holocene’, 5:4 (1993): 473-79; Drew H. Bailey and David C. Geary, ‘Hominid Brain Evolution: Testing Climatic, Ecological, and Social Competition Models’, 20 (2009): 67-79; Daniel J. Wescott and Richard L. Jantz, ‘Assessing Craniofacial Secular Change in American Blacks and Whites Using Geometric Morphometry’, in ed. Dennis E. Slice (New York: Plenum Publishers, 2005), 231-45.
12. Nicholas G. Blurton Jones et al., ‘Antiquity of Postreproductive Life: Are There Modern Impact on Hunter-Gatherer Postreproductive Life Spans?’, 14 (2002), 184-205.
13. Kim Hill and A. Magdalena Hurtado, (New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1996), 164, 236.
14. Hill and Hurtado, , 78.
15. Vincenzo Formicola and Alexandra P. Buzhilova, ‘Double Child Burial from Sunghir (Russia): Pathology and Inferences for Upper Paleolithic Funerary Practices’, 124:3 (2004), 189-98; Giacomo Giacobini, ‘Richness and Diversity of Burial Rituals in the Upper Paleolithic’, Diogenes 54:2 (2007), 19-39.
16. I. J. N. Thorpe, ‘Anthropology, Archaeology, and the Origin of Warfare’, 35:1 (2003), 145-65; Raymond C. Kelly, (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000); Azar Gat, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006); Lawrence H. Keeley, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996); Slavomil Vencl, ‘Stone Age Warfare’, in , ed. John Carman and Anthony Harding (Stroud: Sutton Publishing, 1999), 57-73.
17. James F. O’Connel and Jim Allen, ‘Pre-LGM Sahul (Pleistocene Australia – New Guinea) and the Archeology of Early Modern Humans’, in , ed. Paul Mellars, Ofer Bar-Yosef, Katie Boyle (Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2007), 395-410; James F. O’Connel and Jim Allen, ‘When Did Humans First Arrived in Grater Australia and Why Is It Important to Know?’, , 6:4 (1998), 132-46; James F. O’Connel and Jim Allen, ‘Dating the Colonization of Sahul (Pleistocene Australia – New Guinea): A Review of Recent Research’, 31:6 (2004), 835-53; Jon M. Erlandson, ‘Anatomically Modern Humans, Maritime Voyaging, and the Pleistocene Colonization of the Americas’, , ed. Nina G. Jablonski (San Francisco: University of California Press, 2002), 59-60, 63-64; Jon M. Erlandson and Torben C. Rick, ‘Archeology Meets Marine Ecology: The Antiquity of Maritime Cultures and Human Impacts on Marine Fisheries and Ecosystems’, 2 (2010), 231-51; Atholl Anderson, ‘Slow Boats from China: Issues in the Prehistory of Indo-China Seafaring’, , 16 (2000), 13- 50; Robert G. Bednarik, ‘Maritime Navigation in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic’, 328 (1999), 559-60; Robert G. Bednarik, ‘Seafaring in the Pleistocene’, 13:1 (2003), 41-66.
18. Timothy F. Flannery, (Port Melbourne, Vic.: Reed Books Australia, 1994); Anthony D. Barnosky et al., ‘Assessing the Causes of Late Pleistocene Extinctions on the Continents’, 306:5693 (2004): 70–75; Bary W. Brook and David M. J. S. Bowman, ‘The Uncertain Blitzkrieg of Pleistocene Megafauna’, 31:4 (2004), 517–23; Gifford H. Miller et al., ‘Ecosystem Collapse in Pleistocene Australia and a Human Role in Megafaunal Extinction,’ 309:5732 (2005), 287–90; Richard G. Roberts et al., ‘New Ages for the Last Australian Megafauna: Continent Wide Extinction about 46,000 Years Ago’, 292:5523 (2001), 1888–92.
19. Stephen Wroe and Judith Field, ‘A Review of Evidence for a Human Role in the Extinction of Australian Megafauna and an Alternative Explanation’, 25:21–22 (2006), 2692–2703; Barry W. Brooks et al., ‘Would the Australian Megafauna Have Become Extinct If Humans Had Never Colonised the Continent? Comments on ‘‘A Review of the Evidence for a Human Role in the Extinction of Australian Megafauna and an Alternative Explanation’’ by S. Wroe and J. Field’, Quaternary Science Reviews 26:3-4 (2007), 560-564; Chris S. M. Turney et al., ‘Late-Surviving Megafauna in Tasmania, Australia, Implicate Human Involvement in their Extinction’, 105:34 (2008), 12150-53.
20. John Alroy, ‘A Multispecies Overkill Simulation of the End-Pleistocene Megafaunal Mass Extinction’, , 292:5523 (2001), 1893-96; O’Connel and Allen, ‘Pre-LGM Sahul’, 400-1.
21. L.H. Keeley, ‘Proto-Agricultural Practices Among Hunter-Gatherers: A Cross- Cultural Survey’, in , ed. T. Douglas Price and Anne Birgitte Gebauer (Santa Fe, N.M.: School of American Research Press, 1995), 243– 72; R. Jones, ‘Firestick Farming’, 16 (1969), 224- 28.
22. David J. Meltzer, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009).
23. Paul L. Koch and Anthony D. Barnosky, ‘Late Quaternary Extinctions: State of the Debate’, 37 (2006), 215-50; Anthony D. Barnosky et al., ‘Assessing the Causes of Late Pleistocene Extinctions on the Continents’, 70-5.
24. 本地图主要参考： Peter Bellwood, (Malden: Blackwell Pub., 2005).
25. Azar Gat, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 130-131; Robert S. Walker and Drew H. Bailey, ‘Body Counts in Lowland South American Violence,’ Evolution and Human Behavior 34 (2013), 29-34.
26. Katherine A. Spielmann, ‘A Review: Dietary Restriction on Hunter-Gatherer Women and the Implications for Fertility and Infant Mortality’, 17:3 (1989), 321-45. 并请参见：Bruce Winterhalder and Eric Alder Smith, ‘Analyzing Adaptive Strategies: Human Behavioral Ecology at Twenty Five’, 9:2 (2000), 51-72.
27. Alain Bideau, Bertrand Desjardins and Hector Perez-Brignoli (eds.), (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997); Edward Anthony Wrigley et al., , 1580-1837 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 295-96, 303.
28. Manfred Heun et al., ‘Site of Einkorn Wheat Domestication Identified by DNA Fingerprints’, 278:5341 (1997), 1312-14.
29. Charles Patterson, (New York: Lantern Books, 2002), 9-10; Peter J. Ucko and G.W. Dimbleby (ed.), (London: Duckworth, 1969), 259.
30. Avi Pinkas (ed.), (Rishon Le-Ziyyon: The Association for Farmyard Animals, 2009 ［Hebrew］), 169-199; “Milk Production – the Cow” ［Hebrew］, The Dairy Council, accessed March 22, 2012, http://www.milk.org.il/cgiwebaxy/sal/sal.pl?lang=he&ID=645657_milk&act=show&dbid=katavot&dat aid=cow.htm
31. Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969); E.C. Amoroso and P.A. Jewell, ‘The Exploitation of the Milk-Ejection Reflex by Primitive People’, in 24-26 May 1960, ed. A.E. Mourant and F.E. Zeuner (London: The Royal Anthropological Institute, 1963), 129-34.
32. Johannes Nicolaisen, (Copenhagen: National Museum, 1963), 63.
33. Angus Maddison, , vol. 2 (Paris: Development Centre of the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006), 636; “Historical Estimates of World Population”, U.S. Census Bureau, accessed December 10, 2010, http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/worldhis.html.
34. Robert B. Mark, (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002), 24.
35. Raymond Westbrook, ‘Old Babylonian Period’, in , vol. 1, ed. Raymond Westbrook (Leiden: Brill, 2003), 361- 430; Martha T. Roth, 2nd ed. (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1997), 71-142; M. E. J. Richardson, (London: T & T Clark International, 2000).
36. Roth, Law Collections from Mesopotamia, 76.
37. Roth, Law Collections from Mesopotamia, 121.
38. Roth, Law Collections from Mesopotamia, 122-23.
39. Roth, Law Collections, 133-34.
40. Constance Brittaine Bouchard, (New York: Cornell University Press, 1998), 99; Mary Martin McLaughlin, ‘Survivors and Surrogates: Children and Parents from the Ninth to Thirteenth Centuries’, in ed. Carol Neel (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004), 81 n. 81; Lise E. Hull, (Westport: Praeger, 2006), 144.
41. Andrew Robinson, (New York: Thames and Hudson, 1995), 63; Hans J. Nissen, Peter Damerow and Robert K. Englung, (Chicago, London: The University of Chicago Press, 1993), 36.
42. Marcia and Robert Ascher, (New York: Dover Publications, 1981).
43. Gary Urton. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2003); Galen Brokaw. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010).
44. Stephen D. Houston (ed.), (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), 222.
45. Sheldon Pollock, ‘Axialism and Empire’, ed. Johann P. Arnason, S. N. Eisenstadt and Bj.rn Wittrock (Leiden: Brill, 2005), 397-451.
46. Harold M. Tanner, (Indianapolis: Hackett, Pub. Co., 2009), 34.
47. Ramesh Chandra, (Delhi: Kalpaz Publications, 2005); Michael Bamshad et al., ‘Genetic Evidence on the Origins of Indian Caste Population’, 11 (2001): 904-1004; Susan Bayly, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
48. Houston, , 196.
49. The Secretary-General, delivered to the General Assembly, U.N. Doc. A/16/122/Add.1 (July 6, 2006), 89.
50. Sue Blundell, (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995), 113-29, 132-33.
51. Francisco López de Gómara, vol. 1, ed. D. Joaquin Ramirez Caba.es (Mexico City: Editorial Pedro Robredo, 1943), 106.
52. Andrew M. Watson, ‘Back to Gold – and Silver’, 20:1 (1967), 11-12; Jasim Alubudi, (Madrid: Vision Libros, 2003), 194.
53. Watson, ‘Back to Gold – and Silver’, 17-18.
54. David Graeber, (Brooklyn, N.Y.: Melville House, 2011).
55. Glyn Davies, (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1994), 15.
56. Szymon Laks, . Chester A. Kisiel (Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 1989), 88-89. 奥斯维辛集中营的“市场”仅限于部分阶级的囚犯，而且在不同时期的差异非常大。
57. Niall Ferguson, (New York: The Penguin Press, 2008), 4.
58. 关于麦元的信息，我参考了一本未出版的博士论文：Refael Benvenisti, (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, 2011). 并请参见：Norman Yoffee, ‘The Economy of Ancient Western Asia’, in , vol. 1, ed. J. M. Sasson (New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1995), 1387-99; R. K. Englund, ‘Proto-Cuneiform Account-Books and Journals’, in ed. Michael Hudson and Cornelia Wunsch (Bethesda, MD: CDL Press, 2004), 21-46; Marvin A. Powell, ‘A Contribution to the History of Money in Mesopotamia prior to the Invention of Coinage’, in ed. B. Hru.ka and G. Komoróczy (Budapest: E.tv.s Loránd 1978), 211-43; Marvin A. Powell, ‘Money in Mesopotamia’, 39:3 (1996), 224-42; John F. Robertson, ‘The Social and Economic Organization of Ancient Mesopotamian Temples’, in vol. 1, ed. Sasson, 443-500; M. Silver, ‘Modern Ancients’, in ed. R. Rollinger and U. Christoph (Stuttgart: Steiner, 2004), 65-87; Daniel C. Snell, ‘Methods of Exchange and Coinage in Ancient Western Asia’, in , vol. 1, ed. Sasson, 1487-97.
59. Nahum Megged, (Tel Aviv: Dvir, 1999 ［Hebrew］), 103.
60. Tacitus, ch. 30 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1958), pp. 220-21.
61. A. Fienup-Riordan, (Anchorage: Alaska Pacific University Press, 1983), p. 10.
62. Yuri Pines, ‘Nation States, Globalization and a United Empire – the Chinese Experience (third to fifth centuries BC)’, 15 (1995), 54 ［Hebrew］.
63. Alexander Yakobson, ‘Us and Them: Empire, Memory and Identity in Claudius Speech on Bringing Gauls into the Roman Senate’, in ed. Doron Mendels (Oxford: Peter Land, 2007), 23-24.
64. W.H.C. Frend, (Cambridge: James Clarke & Co., 2008), 536-37.
65. Robert Jean Knecht, 1483-1610 (London: Fontana Press, 1996), 424.
66. Marie Harm and Hermann Wiehle, (Halle: Hermann Schroedel Verlag, 1942), 152-57.
67. Susan Blackmore, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999).
68. David Christian, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004), 344-45; Angus Maddison, , vol. 2 (Paris: Development Centre of the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001), 636; ‘Historical Estimates of World Population’, U.S. Census Bureau, accessed December 10, 2010,http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/worldhis.html.
69. Maddison, , vol. 1, 261.
70. "Gross Domestic Product 2009", The World Bank, Data and Statistics, accessed December 10, 2010, http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GDP.pdf
71. Christian, , 141.
72. 当代最大的货轮能够承载大约10万吨的货物。在1470年，全球舰队船队加起来，承载量也不超过32万吨。到了1570年，总承载量已达到73万吨。(Maddison, The World Economy, vol. 1, 97).
73. 全球规模最大的银行，苏格兰皇家银行（Royal Bank of Scotland），于2007年申报的存款为1.3兆美元，是1500年全球总产值的五倍。参见 ‘Annual Report and Accounts 2008’, The Royal Bank of Scotland, 35, accessed December 10, 2010.http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/RBS/626570033x0x278481/eb7a003a-5c9b-41ef-bad3-81fb98a6c823/RBS_GRA_2008_09_03_09.pdf
74. Ferguson, 185-98.
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76. Wrigley, , 296.
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78. Michael Prestwich, (Berkley: University of California Press, 1988), 125-26.
79. Jennie B. Dorman et al., ‘The age-1 and daf-2 Genes Function in a Common Pathway to Control the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans’, 141:4 (1995), 1399-1406; Koen Houthoofd et al., ‘Life Extension via Dietary Restriction is Independent of the Ins/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans’, 38:9 (2003), 947-54.
80. Shawn M. Douglas, Ido Bachelet, and George M. Church, ‘A Logic-Gated Nanorobot for Targeted Transport of Molecular Payloads’, 335:6070 (2012): 831-4; Dan Peer et al., ‘Nanocarriers As An Emerging Platform for Cancer Therapy’, 2 (2007): 751-60; Dan Peer et al., ‘Systemic Leukocyte-Directed siRNA Delivery Revealing Cyclin D1 as an Anti-Inflammatory Target’, 319:5863 (2008): 627-30.
81. Stephen R. Bown, (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, St. Matin's Press, 2004); Kenneth John Carpenter, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986).
82. James Cook, , ed. Archibald Grenfell Price (New York : Dover Publications, 1971), 16-17; Gananath Obeyesekere, The Apotheosis of Captain Cook: European Mythmaking in the Pacific (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), 5; J.C. Beaglehole, ed., vol. 1 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968), 588.
83. Mark, , 81.
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85. John Darwin, (London: Allen Lane, 2007), 239.
86. Soli Shahvar, ‘Railroads i. The First Railroad Built and Operated in Persia’, in the Online Edition of Encyclopaedia Iranica, last modified April 7, 2008,http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/railroads-i;Charles Issawi, ‘The Iranian Economy 1925-1975: Fifty Years of Economic Development’, in , ed. George Lenczowski (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1978), 156.
87. Mark, 46.
88. Kirkpatrik Sale, (London: Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2006), 7-13.
89. Edward M. Spiers, (London: Longman, 1980), 121; Robin Moore, ‘Imperial India, 1858-1914’, in , vol. 3, ed. Andrew Porter (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 442.
90. Vinita Damodaran, ‘Famine in Bengal: A Comparison of the 1770 Famine in Bengal and the 1897 Famine in Chotanagpur’, 10:1-2 (2007), 151.
91. Maddison, , vol. 1, 261, 264; ‘Gross National Income Per Capita 2009, Atlas Method and PPP’, The World Bank, accessed December 10, 2010,http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GNIPC.pdf.
92. 这里举的面包店例子在计算上经过简化，并非完全精确。因为银行金库中每存有1元就能贷出10元，如果银行现在有100万美元的存款，其实只能贷出约909000美元，而必须将91000美元留在金库里。但为了方便读者理解，我还是决定将数字简化。此外，银行也并不总是遵守这些法规。
93. Carl Trocki, (New York: Routledge, 1999), 91.
94. Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja, (London: Zed Books, 2002), 22.
95. Mark, 109.
96. Nathan S. Lewis and Daniel G. Nocera, ‘Powering the Planet: Chemical Challenges in Solar Energy Utilization’, 103:43 (2006), 15731.
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105. William T. Jackman, (London: Frank Cass & co., 1966), 324-27; H. J. Dyos and D.H. Aldcroft, (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1969), 124-31; Wolfgang Schivelbusch, (Berkeley: Univeristy of California Press, 1986).
106. 关于过去这几十年前所未有的和平状态，特别可参见：Steven Pinker, (New York: Viking, 2011); Joshua S. Goldstein, Conflict Worldwide (New York, N.Y.: Dutton, 2011); Gat,
107. ‘World Report on Violence and Health: Summary, Geneva 2002’, World Health Organization, accessed December 10, 2010, http://www.who.int/whr/2001/en/whr01_annex_en.pdf.之前时代的死亡率请参见: Lawrence H. Keeley, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996).
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109. Raymond C. Kelly, (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000), 21. See also Gat, , 129-31; Keeley,
110. Manuel Eisner, ‘Modernization, Self-Control and Lethal Violence’, 41:4 (2001), 618-638; Manuel Eisner, ‘Long-Term Historical Trends in Violent Crime’, 30 (2003), 83-142; ‘World Report on Violence and Health: Summary, Geneva 2002’, World Health Organization, accessed December 10, 2010,http://www.who.int/whr/2001/en/whr01_annex_en.pdf; ‘World Health Report, 2004’, World Health Organization, 124, accessed 10 December, 2010,http://www.who.int/whr/2004/en/report04_en.pdf.
111. Walker and Bailey, ‘Body Counts in Lowland South American Violence,’ 30.
112. 若想从心理和生化两种层面来讨论快乐，以下著作是很好的出发点：Jonathan Haidt, (New York: Basic Books, 2006); R. Wright, (New York: Vintage Books, 1994); M. Csikszentmihalyi, ‘If We Are So Rich, Why Aren’t We Happy?’, 54:10 (1999): 82127; F. A. Huppert, N. Baylis and B. Keverne, ed., (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005); Michael Argyle, 2nd edition (New York: Routledge, 2001); Ed Diener (ed.), (New York: Springer, 2009); Michael Eid and Randy J. Larsen (eds.), (New York: Guilford Press, 2008); Richard A. Easterlin (ed.), (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Pub., 2002); Richard Layard, (New York: Penguin, 2005).
113. Daniel Kahneman, (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011); Inglehart et al., "Development, Freedom, and Rising Happiness," 278-281.
114. D. M. McMahon, (London: Allen Lane, 2006).
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118. James G. Wallis et al., ‘Expression of a Synthetic Antifreeze Protein in Potato Reduces Electrolyte Release at Freezing Temperatures’, 35:3 (1997), 323-30.
119. Robert J. Wall et al., ‘Genetically Enhanced Cows Resist Intramammary Staphylococcus Aureus Infection’, 23:4 (2005), 44551.
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122. Zoe R. Donaldson and Larry J. Young, ‘Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and the Neurogenetics of Sociality’, 322:5903 (2008), 900–904; Zoe R. Donaldson, ‘Production of Germline Transgenic Prairie Voles (Microtus Ochrogaster) Using Lentiviral Vectors’, 81:6 (2009), 1189-1195.
123. Terri Pous, ‘Siberian Discovery Could Bring Scientists Closer to Cloning Woolly Mammoth’, September 17, 2012, accessed February 19, 2013; Pasqualino Loi et al, ‘Biological time machines: a realistic approach for cloning an extinct mammal’, 14 (2011), 227233; Leon Huynen, Craig D. Millar and David M. Lambert, ‘Resurrecting ancient animal genomes: The extinct moa and more’, 34 (2012), 661-669.
124. Nicholas Wade, ‘Scientists in Germany Draft Neanderthal Genome’, February 12, 2009, accessed December 10, 2010,http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/13/science/13neanderthal.html?_r=2&ref=s cience;Zack Zorich, ‘Should We Clone Neanderthals?’, 63:2 (2009), accessed 10 December, 2010, http://www.archaeology.org/1003/etc/neanderthals.html.
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